Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls and the wall obtained

ABSTRACT

Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, which being able to be assembled in situ as from panels previously produced, destined to the closing of spaces between ceilings and floors of buildings; this proceeding characterized because it includes the following steps: a) producing rectangular, self-supporting panels with expanded polystyrene its density being at least 20 Kg/cm 3 ; b) as from the floor of application, setting up the panels fixing its inferior borders against the floor and joining the different panels one with the other by their side borders by means of an adherent compatible with polystyrene; c) on the main faces of the set up panels apply an adherent material until its covers all the surface in an uniform way; and d) covering the main faces with a termination lining or layering.

I-BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention concerns a procedure for the construct ion of light self-supporting walls that, even though it is based on the use of expanded polystyrene, it does not require the utilization of metallic mesh nor special reinforcements to obtain walls with a great structural rigidity.

[0002] As it is already known, polystyrene is a high thermoplastic polymer that results from the polymerization of styrene. Even though it presents the limitation of being soluble in benzene, and, therefore it is susceptible of being attacked by products containing this carbide, it presents great advantages as its isolating qualities, its inalterability in water and the facility of processing by means of laminates, molding etc.

[0003] Particularly, the expanded polystyrene allows, for example, the filling of partition walls without increasing the weight of then set, due to the fact that the material is very light. In this case the employed polystyrene is of low density, that is, under 20 Kg/m³. Notwithstanding its advantageous properties, the same presents the drawback of lacking enough structural firmness in order to constitute wall by itself.

[0004] In order to take advantage of its evident benefits for the building industry, panels of expanded polystyrene complemented by armors of metallic electro-welded mesh are employed, which are disposed connected one with the other and covering both faces of the panels. Thus the structural firmness is achieved and termination layering, plastering, etc. can be applied.

[0005] It is evident that the advantages achieved are in a certain measure neutralized, as the assembly of all these means make complex the building operations of these traditional panels, as well as being expensive concerning complementary materials and manual labor.

[0006] In order to solve there drawbacks, the present invention presents a proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, basing in the use of high density expanded polystyrene, that is above 20 Kig./cm .with this material self-supporting rectangular panels are produced, which stand joined one with the other by their side edges and fixed to the application floor.

[0007] On these self-supporting panels, an adherent is applied on which a termination layering is disposed. Thus a self-supporting wall is obtained, that, composed by an intermediate main body and two external adhered lining layers.

[0008] This wall results quite versatile, as it may be fixed to the floor and the ceiling of application using as a fixing means cement or fixation profiles.

[0009] In the latter case, the profiles are constituted by a base wall, as from which wings, is each, are projected conforming a cavity of longitudinal U-shaped wedging. Within this longitudinal cavity, corresponding inferior and superior borders of said panels.

[0010] As a complement, as the length of the profiles is greater than the length of the borders of the panels, the longitudinal wings of said profiles constitute a damming means that help to the union of the side borders of said panels composing the wall.

[0011] Thus, a self-supporting wall is obtained which results very light and its external faces may be provided with different termination linings, therefore, being able to adapt esthetically to different uses.

II-BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] For better clarity and comprehension of the object of the model, it is illustrated with various figures in which it has been represented in one of its preferred embodiments, as an illustrative example, not limiting the scope of the same.

[0013]FIG. 1 is a view in perspective in which the component parts are illustrated, which are assembled during the stages of the proceeding. The arrows as well as the position of the operator indicate different operations.

[0014]FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of the end of a panel to which an adherent material has been applied to one of its faces. The termination lining ready to be applied can be seen.

[0015]FIG. 3 is a front view of a wall already set up. Which presents two partial longitudinal cuts through which the termination lining in the external part can be distinguished, as well as the layer of adherent material immediately under and the face of the panel in the last place.

[0016]FIG. 4 is a transversal section of the wall according to a section that appears indicated as IV-IV in FIG. 3. It can be clearly seen how the inferior and superior borders of the panel wedge in the cavities of the respective fixation profiles.

[0017]FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a wall, formed by a plurality of modular complementary panels, of same characteristics that the ones illustrated in the abovementioned pictures, to show how the walls are equally conformed; and,

[0018] Figure is another way of forming the walls by means of cutout panels in a different form in order to conform the openings.

[0019] In the different figures, same reference numbers indicate same or corresponding parts, and the groups of various elements have been indicated with letters.

[0020] List of Main References:

[0021] (a) self-supporting wall

[0022] (b) self-supporting rectangular wall [component of wall (a)]

[0023] (b′) complementary modular panels

[0024] (c) fixation profiles

[0025] (1) main body of the panel (b) [and of the wall (a)]

[0026] (1′) main faces of panel (b)

[0027] (2) side borders [of union between panels (b)

[0028] (3) inferior border of panel (b)

[0029] (3′) superior border of panel (b)

[0030] (4) openings corresponding to doors and windows

[0031] (5) layer of adherent material

[0032] (6) termination lining or layering

[0033] (7) base wall of the fixation profile (c)

[0034] (8) longitudinal wings of the fixation profile (c)

[0035] (9) cavity of longitudinal wedging

[0036] (10) floor of application

[0037] (20) operator

[0038] (21) applicator of adherent material (5)

[0039] (22) tool for the fixing of the lining (6)

III-MAIN OBJECT

[0040] To the specified ends, the present proceeding is for the construction of light self-supporting walls (a), which being able to be assembled in situ as from panels (b) previously produced, destined to the closing of spaces between ceilings and floors (10) of buildings; this proceeding characterized because it includes the following steps:

[0041] a) producing rectangular, self-supporting panels (b) with expanded polystyrene its density being at least 20 Kg./cm³;

[0042] b) as from the floor (10) of application, setting up said panels (b) fixing its inferior borders (3) against said floor (10) and joining the different panels (b) one with the other by their side borders (2) by means of an adherent compatible with polystyrene;

[0043] c) on the main faces (1′) of the set up panels (b) apply an adherent material (5) until its covers all the surface in an uniform way;

[0044] d) covering said main faces (1′) with a termination lining or layering (6).

IV-DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0045] The present invention consists in a proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls (a) as well as the wall obtained (a), which, in general terms, consists in producing panels (b) of high density expanded polystyrene, which stand joined one with the other and fixed to the floor of application (10), then applying an adherent (5) on which a termination layering or lining (6) is disposed. Thus a self-supporting wall (a) is obtained which is composed by an intermediate main body (1) and two adhered external layering or lining layers (6). [FIG. 1]

[0046] More particularly, the present proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls (a) includes a first step in which self-supporting rectangular panels (b) are produced, for which expanded polystyrene with a density of at least 20 Kg./cm³ is used. The rectangular shape of these panels (b) is delimited by its plane main faces (1′), by its side borders (2) and by the inferior (3) and superior (3′) borders. In one of the possible ways of embodiment, during this first step, to one part of the panels (b), openings conforming doors and windows may be realized. [FIGS. 1 y 2]

[0047] Then, already in situ and as from the application floor (10), the produced panels (b) are set up fixing the inferior borders (3) against said floor (10). In a preferred embodiment the fixing means between the inferior border (3) of panel (b) and the floor (10) is constituted by a fixation profile (c). [See FIGS. 1 and 4]

[0048] This profile (c) includes a base wall (7) as from which, projected longitudinal wings (8), each, which conform a longitudinal U-shaped wedging cavity (9) destined to the inferior borders (3) of the panels (b). Once the inferior borders (3) of the panels (b) have been wedged in the longitudinal cavity (9) of the fixation profile (c), the different panels (b) are joined one to the other connecting its side borders (2) to which an adherent compatible to polystyrene is applied, that is, not being dissolvent of the same. [See FIG. 1]

[0049] Once the panels (b) are set up and joined one with the other, on its superior borders (3′), profiles (c) are wedged which are similar to the ones employed in the inferior borders (3). If the height of the panels (b) correspond with the separation between the floor (10) and the ceiling, the fixation profiles (c) corresponding to the superior borders (3′) are used as fixation to said ceiling. [See FIGS. 3 and 4]

[0050] In another embodiment, the fixation means between the inferior border )3) of the panels (b) and the floor (10), between the panels (b) and between the superior border (3′) of said panels (b) and the ceiling, is constituted by adherent.

[0051] After the step of setting up of the panels (b), on the main faces (1′) of the same (b) a layer of adherent material (5) is applied, task that the building operator (20) may carry out by means of a corresponding applicator (21). [See FIG. 1]

[0052] Next, said main faces (1′) are covered with a termination layering or lining (6) such as a plating, paper, wood, plaster, tiles, etc. In the case the termination layering (6) is provided in sheets, the same may be fixed by contact with the adherent layer (5) and by means of a fixing tool (2) that can be slid through all the surface. [See FIGS. 1 and 2]

[0053] It must be noted that the self-supporting walls (a) may be structured in one sole panel, as it is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, or by means of complementary modular panels (b′), being the same minor as shown in FIG. 5, adhered peripherally one to the other until completing the surface to be covered, or with other larger as shown in FIG. 6, indistinctly.

[0054] Light Self-supporting Wall Obtained by Means of the Described Proceeding:

[0055] By means of the described proceeding a light self-supporting wall (a) is obtained which includes an intermediate self-supporting main body (1) constituted by expanded polystyrene, its density being at least 20 Kg./m³. This intermediate main body (1) is constituted by the rectangular panels (b) which are joined by its side borders (2). [See FIGS. 1 and 3]

[0056] The intermediate main body (1) has two adhered external layers constituted by the termination lining or layering (6) which is joined to the main faces (1′) of the panels (b) by means of the layer of adherent material (5). [See FIG. 2]

[0057] On the other hand, the wall (a) has an inferior fixation border (3) to the floor (10) of application and a termination superior border (3′). In the case in which the wall (a) ends adjacent to the ceiling, the superior termination border (3′) has fixation means (c) to the same.

[0058] In the present way of embodiment the inferior (3) and superior (3′) borders are provided with fixation means to the floor (10) and the ceiling, respectively, consisting in the profiles {circle over (c)} constituted by a base wall (7), as from which are projected wings (8) each conforming a cavity of longitudinal U-shaped wedging (9). [See FIGS. 1,3 and 4]

[0059] Finally, as the length of the profiles (c.) is greater than the length of the borders (3)(3′) of the panels (b), the longitudinal wings (8) of said profiles (c) constitute retention means helping to the union of the lateral borders (2) of said panels (b) component of the wall (a). [See FIGS. 1 and 3]

[0060] Indubitably, when this invention is carried out, modifications may be introduced concerning certain details in construction and shape, without this implying parting from the fundamental principles that are clearly substantiated in the following claim clauses: 

Having thus especially described and determined the nature of the present invention, and how it can be carried out, it is declared to claim as exclusive right and property:
 1. Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, which being able to be assembled in situ as from panels previously produced, destined to the closing of spaces between ceilings and floors of buildings; this proceeding characterized because it includes the following steps: a) producing rectangular, self-supporting panels with expanded polystyrene its density being at least 20 Kg./cm³; b) as from the floor of application, setting up said panels fixing its inferior borders against said floor and joining the different panels one with the other by their side borders by means of an adherent compatible with polystyrene; c) on the main faces of the set up panels apply an adherent material until its covers all the surface in an uniform way; d) covering said main faces with a termination lining or layering.
 2. Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, in accordance with claim 1 wherein, in the step of setting up the self-supporting panels, realizing its fixation to the floor of application by means of profiles provided with wedging guides of the borders of said panels; joining the different panels by its side borders by means of adherent and wedging in the superior of said panels, similar profiles to the ones employed in the inferior borders.
 3. Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, in accordance with claim 2 wherein, in the step of setting up the self-supporting panels, after wedging the profiles in the superior borders of the panels, to fix said profiles to the ceiling of application.
 4. Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, in accordance with claim 1 wherein, in the step of setting up the self-supporting panels, using adherent as a fixation means, realizing the fixation of said panels to the floor of application, joining them by their side borders and fixing their superior borders to the ceiling of application.
 5. Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, in accordance with claim 1 wherein, in the step of producing the rectangular self-supporting panels, realize in part of the same, opening conforming doors and windows.
 6. Proceeding for the construction of light self-supporting walls, in accordance, in particular, with claim 1 wherein, it adheres one to the other a plurality of high density, rectangular self-supporting panels, forming a panel composed by a surface equivalent to the previously fixed wall.
 7. Light self-supporting wall, obtained with the proceeding of the abovementioned claims, in accordance, in particular, with claim 1 wherein it includes an intermediate self-supporting main body with two adhered external layers, of which the intermediate main body is composed by a plurality of self-supporting rectangular panels joined by their lateral borders and constituted by expanded polystyrene its density being at least of 20 Kg./m³; while the external layers are constituted by respective termination layering; the wall ending in an inferior border of fixation to the floor of application and in a superior border of application.
 8. Light self-supporting wall, in accordance with claim 6 , wherein the superior border of termination has fixation means to the ceiling.
 9. Light self-supporting wall, in accordance with claim 6 , wherein the inferior and superior borders are provided with fixation means to the floor and the ceiling, respectively, consisting in profiles with a base wall, as from which project wings, each conforming a longitudinal wedging U-shaped cavity.
 10. Light self-supporting wall, in accordance with claim 7 , wherein the length of the profiles being longer than the length of the borders of the panels, the longitudinal wings of said profiles constitute retention means helping to the side union between panels.
 11. Light self-supporting wall, in accordance with claim 1 , wherein it includes a plurality of high-density self-supporting panels, adhered one to the other by their side ends. 